Robert larter



(No Model.)

R. LARTER. LOUK NUT.

No. 556,682. Patented Mar. 17, 1896.-

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UNITED STATES PATENT ROBERT LARTER, OF NEXVARK, NElV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR-OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN B. SCARLETT, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK-NUT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 556,682, dated March17, 1896. Application filed November 28, 1894:. {serial No. 530,234. Nomodel.)

To (Z5 whom it may concern: and results, some of which may be referredBe it known that 1, ROBERT LABTER, a citito in connection with thedescription of the zen of the United States, residing at Newark, workingparts. in the county of Essex and State of New .ler- The inventionconsists in the improved nut- 5 5 sey, have invented certain new anduseful lock and in the arrangements and combina- Improvements inLock-Nuts; andldo hereby tions of parts, all substantially as will bedeclare the following to be a full, clear, and hereinafter set forth andfinally embodied in exact description of the invention, such as theclauses of the claim. will enable others skilled in the art to whichReferring to the accompanying drawings, 10 it appertains to make and usethe same, refin which like letters indicate corresponding erence beinghad to the accompanying drawparts in each of the views, Figure l is asecings, and to letters of reference marked tion of a railway-joint,showing the improved thereon,which form a part of this specificanut-lock. Figs. 2 and are plans showing tion. the engaging faces of thetwo nut-like sec- 6 3 a This invent-ion relates to certain improvetions.Figs. 4:, 5, 6, and '7 show varieties of ments in that class ofnut-locks in which two the said nut-like sections. Fig. 2 is a sidenut-like parts or sections, each provided with view of the section,having radial teeth at but locking-teeth on their engaging faces, coactone side of the center perforation, and Fig. with areversely-threadedbolt or shaft to se 8 is a detail showing a form of bolt. which is 7:)2o cure the desired lock, the invention being apsometimes preferred.

plicable to bolts, axles, shafts, or similar de- In said drawings, aindicates a railway-rail; vices, to railway-joints, vehicles ormachinery Z), the fish-plates thereof; 0, the bolt uniting of any kind.said parts, and (Z c the lock-nuts arranged Heretofore in certainlock-nuts of which I on threaded end of said bolt. Said bolt is am awarethe locking-teeth and contiguous of reduced diameter at its extremityoppofacing surfaces of the said sections were made site the head, and isoppositely threaded, the to conform and coincide each with the otherthreads f of the reduced extremity being of when in locked engagement,and the said surthe same number to the inch as those 9 on faces on allsides of the central perforation the larger part of the bolt adjacent tosaid 0 came in contact. By this construction it was reduced part. Uponthe larger threaded part necessary in fastening the parts to first g ofthe bolt is arranged the section d, which tighten the inner or chief notagainst the fishis provided on its outer face at one side of the plateor other part with which the bolt is used, threaded center perforationwith a pluralthen to bring the second nut near to the first, ity ofradial teeth h, the opposite side of 3 the teeth of one matching withthose of the said face across the perforation being devoid other, andthen to apply a wrench to both of such teeth and being set back, so thatthe nuts and turn them backward together and nut is of reduced thicknessto allow a free thus bring them to hear one against the other play ormovement of the teeth of the outer to secure the desired lock. By thisback not to allowatilting of the outer nut, as will 0 4o movement of thenuts away from the fishbe hereinafter described. At one side of theplate or part to be fastened there is a failure said teeth the same areprovided with a long in securing the rigidity of fastening generorgentle incline i, as shown in Fig. 2, and ally desired. By myconstruction I secure on the other with an abrupt inclination j, the

the desired rigidity and avoid the necessity first inclination servingto allow a compara- 5 45 of back movement. tively easy passage ofengaging-teeth and the The objects of the invention are to secure seconda more difficult return movement. a more certain and positive fasteningof parts, The teeth It on the section (Z are preferably to moreperfectly resist the loosening action more than one in number, asindicated in occasioned by constant jarring, to dispense Figs. 2, a, and6, the greater the number o with spring-washers and thus reduce the costwithin a given limit the more nicely the adof fastening, and to secureother advantages justment when the parts are in locked relation, as willbe understood. When in said locked relation the two locking sections donot present meeting surfaces on all sides of the bolt, as in priordevices above referred to, but one of the nuts or sections is materiallycut away, as indicated in Fig. 2, so that there will be an open spacebetween the nuts or sections at the sides opposite the teeth h, and thisspace admits of a change of inclination of the outer nut with respect tothe inner nut when the teeth of the two nuts are forced past oneanother, such as would not be allowed were the nuts in engagement on allsides of the bolt, as heretofore.

The outer nut or locking section, e, is also provided with radial teethof a shape similar to those of the section d, but in this case theseries extends entirely around the center perforation, and so is adaptedto enter into looking engagement at frequent points, so that there willbe but little lost movement in securing a lock or return movement afterthe lock is eifected to secure a rigidity of parts.

The center of the outer nut around the central perforation is deeply cutor countersunk, as shown at k, the recess extending quite a distanceback from the toothed faces. This admits of an increased springing ofthe bolt and coacts with the cut-away portion of the nut (Z in allowinga passage of the teeth h over those of the opposite nut or section. Thecountersink or recess it also admits of a greater range of adjustability, in that the nut e can pass inward over the shoulder form edby the reduced outer end of the bolt. The resilience of the bolt isincreased or rendered more easily effective by reducing the diameter ofthe bolt between threaded parts, as indicated more clearly in Fig. 8. Bythe construction described, I am enabled by a strong wrenching forceupon the outer nut, e, to turn said nut either forward or backwardindependent of its co-operating nut, and this is rendered more easybecause of the opposite inclines 'L' and It is not necessary to back theinner nut against the outer one after said inner nut has been screwed inplace against the fish-plate in order to secure an interlocking ofparts, but I first secure a proper engagement of the inner nut with saidfish-plate and then screw the outer nut up to said inner nut and thuseffect a locked engagement, the teeth It sliding over the continuousseries because of the cut-away opening at one side of the bolt and theresiliency of said bolt, all as will be understood.

To unlock the inner nut the outer nut is simply turned in the reversedirection, the abrupt incline of the teeth It allowing such reversemovement.

I am aware that nuts have been provided with a single locking-tooth onone side of the center perforation to engage a continuous or regularseries of teeth on a co'operating nut; but in the present case I employa plurality of such teeth and thus secure a different ef feet inlocking, in that the action of the nut is more regular and positive andhas less of a certain wrenching effect by which the bolts are broken.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new is 1. Thecombination with the bolt having a diametrically-reduced part betweenthe differing threads, f and 9, thereof, of a nut having teeth on oneside of the bolt-perforation only, and a co-operating nut having acontinuous series of such teeth, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with the bolt, diametrically reduced at its end andhaving threads fand g, of nuts or sections d and 6 having threads toengage those of the bolt and having teeth on their engaging facesadapted to enter into locking engagement, the teeth of one of said nutsbeing oppositely inclined, and one of said nuts being cut away out ofcorrespondence with the other, a space being formed between allowing ofa change of inclination of one nut to the other and sage of theoppositely-inclined teeth over those of the co-operating nut,substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim have hereunto set my hand November, 1894:.

the foregoing I R0121. LARTER. lVitnesses:

CHARLES II. PELL, LoUIsE L. BRowNE.

a pasthis 24th day of q;

